The filter chamber is the "core of water purification" in a pond. Poor management can lead to water quality deterioration. The core principles are: regular cleaning, maintaining oxygen supply, and preventing decay.
1. Cleaning Frequency
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Mechanical chamber (brushes/filter pads): Rinse monthly, deep clean every 2–3 months.
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Biological chamber (bio-media, etc.): Gently brush the surface with pond water every 3–6 months to avoid damaging the bacterial biofilm.
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Perform a systematic cleaning in spring and autumn, and replenish nitrifying bacteria afterward.
2. Key Measures
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Continuous oxygen supply: Add air stones to the biological chamber to maintain dissolved oxygen >5 mg/L, preventing anaerobic bacteria from producing toxic gases.
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Light blocking and ventilation: Cover plates should block at least 80% of light, and side walls should have ventilation openings to prevent algae growth and media mold.
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Even water flow: Ensure no stagnant areas in each chamber; flow should be slow in the settlement chamber and faster in the biological chamber.
3. Handling Common Issues
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Foul odor: Increase aeration immediately; clean or replace decaying filter media.
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Reduced water flow: Check for clogs in the mechanical filter and perform backwashing.
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Cloudy water: Replenish nitrifying bacteria; check pH and ammonia levels.
4. Important Notes
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Use pond water or dechlorinated water to clean filter media to avoid chlorine killing nitrifying bacteria.
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Add bacterial supplements after cleaning to help the system recover quickly.
In One Sentence:
Effective filter chamber management—"clean mechanical layers often, protect oxygen in biological layers, block light and ensure ventilation"—is essential for maintaining clear water and healthy koi in the long term.
